Fatigue fracture can occur in many components such as fasteners and tubular pole structures. In this paper, fatigue failure mechanisms have been described and the application of the principles for failure analysis for each case will be presented. Cyclic loading at stresses above the fatigue limit of the material can initiate cracks at the surface or at internal defects. Macroscopic and microscopic observations of fatigue crack initiation and approaches for characterization of fatigue failures have been described. Two case studies present application of laboratory analysis techniques to determine primary causes and modes of failures.
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